Corona virus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that attacks the respiratory system. This disease due to viral infection is called COVID-19. The Corona virus can cause minor disorders of the respiratory system, severe lung infections, and death.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), better known as the Corona virus, is a new type of coronavirus that is transmitted to humans. This virus can attack anyone, such as the elderly (elderly), adults, children and babies, including pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Corona virus infection is called COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) and was first discovered in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019. This virus is spreading very quickly and has spread to almost all countries, including Indonesia, in just a few months.
This has led several countries to implement policies to impose lockdowns in order to prevent the spread of the Corona virus. In Indonesia itself, a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy was implemented to reduce the spread of this virus.
Coronavirus is a collection of viruses that can infect the respiratory system. In most cases, this virus causes only minor respiratory infections, such as the flu. However, this virus can also cause severe SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections, such as lung infections (pneumonia).
This virus is transmitted through sputum droplets from the respiratory tract, for example when in a crowded closed room with poor air circulation or direct contact with droplets.
Apart from the SARS-CoV-2 virus or Corona virus, viruses that are also included in this group are the viruses that cause Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the viruses that cause Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Even though it is caused by a virus from the same group, namely the coronavirus, COVID-19 has several differences from SARS and MERS, including in terms of the speed of spread and the severity of symptoms.
If you need a COVID-19 check, click the link below so you can be directed to the nearest health facility:
Antibody Rapid Test
Swab Antigen (Rapid Antigen Test)
Death Rate Due to Corona Virus (COVID-19)
The Corona virus that causes COVID-19 can attack anyone. According to data released by the Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling of COVID-19 of the Republic of Indonesia, the number of confirmed positive cases until January 20, 2021 is 927,380 with a death toll of 26,590. The case fatality rate due to COVID-19 is around 2.9%.
When viewed from the percentage of mortality rates divided by age group, the 46-59 year age group has a higher percentage of mortality than other age groups.
Meanwhile, based on gender, 56.5% of sufferers who died from COVID-19 were male and the remaining 43.5% were women.
Symptoms of the Corona Virus (COVID-19)
Early symptoms of Corona virus infection or COVID-19 can resemble flu symptoms, namely fever, runny nose, dry cough, sore throat, and headache. After that, the symptoms may disappear and heal or even get worse. Patients with severe symptoms can experience high fever, cough with phlegm and even bleeding, shortness of breath, and chest pain. These symptoms appear when the body reacts against the Corona virus.
In general, there are 3 general symptoms that can indicate someone is infected with the Corona virus, namely:
Fever (body temperature above 38 degrees Celsius)
Dry cough
Hard to breathe
There are several other symptoms that can also appear in Corona virus infection, although they are less common, namely:
Headache
Conjunctivitis
Loss of taste ability
Loss of ability to smell (anosmia)
Rash on the skin
These symptoms of COVID-19 generally appear within 2 days to 2 weeks after the patient is exposed to the Corona virus. Some patients infected with the Corona virus can experience decreased oxygen without any symptoms. This condition is called happy hypoxia.
In order to ascertain whether these symptoms are symptoms of the Corona virus, a rapid test or PCR is needed. To find a place to do a rapid test or PCR near your home, click here.
When to see a doctor
Immediately do self-isolation if you experience symptoms of Corona virus infection (COVID-19) as mentioned above, especially if in the last 2 weeks you have been in an area that has a COVID-19 case or has had contact with a person with COVID-19. After that, call the COVID-19 hotline at 119 Ext. 9 for further guidance.
If you may have been exposed to the Corona virus but don't experience any symptoms, you don't need to go to the hospital, just stay at home for 14 days and limit contact with other people. If symptoms appear, then do self-isolation and ask the doctor by telephone or the application about what actions you need to take and what drugs you need to take.
Causes of Corona Virus (COVID-19)
Corona virus infection or COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus, which is a group of viruses that infect the respiratory system. In most cases, coronavirus causes only mild to moderate respiratory infections, such as the flu. However, this virus can also cause severe respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).
There are allegations that the Corona virus was originally transmitted from animals to humans. However, it was later discovered that the Corona virus was also transmitted from human to human.
A person can catch COVID-19 in various ways, namely:
Accidentally inhaling the saliva (droplet) that comes out when a person with COVID-19 coughs or sneezes
Hold the mouth or nose without washing hands first after touching an object that has been splashed with the saliva of a person with COVID-19
Close contact with people with COVID-19
The Corona virus can infect anyone, but the effect will be more dangerous or even fatal if it occurs in elderly people, pregnant women, people who have certain diseases, smokers, or people whose immune systems are weak, for example in cancer patients.
Because it is easily transmitted, the Corona virus is also at high risk of infecting medical personnel who treat COVID-19 patients. Therefore, medical personnel and people who have had contact with COVID-19 patients need to wear personal protective equipment (PPE).
Diagnosis of Corona Virus (COVID-19)
To determine whether a patient is infected with the Corona virus, the doctor will ask about the symptoms experienced by the patient and whether the patient has recently traveled or lived in an area that has a case of Corona virus infection before symptoms appear. The doctor will also ask if the patient has had contact with people who have or are suspected of having COVID-19.
To confirm a diagnosis of COVID-19, the doctor will perform the following tests:
Rapid test to detect antibodies (IgM and IgG) produced by the body to fight the Corona virus
Swab test or PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test to detect the Corona virus in sputum
CT scan or chest X-ray to detect infiltrates or fluid in the lungs
A positive COVID-19 rapid test result most likely indicates that you are already infected with the Corona virus, but it could also mean that you are infected with other germs or viruses. Conversely, a negative COVID-19 rapid test result does not necessarily indicate that you are absolutely free from the Corona virus.
Corona Virus Treatment (COVID-19)
There is no truly effective drug to treat Corona virus infection or COVID-19. Treatment options will be tailored to the patient's condition and severity. Some patients with mild or no symptoms will be advised to carry out an independent home isolation protocol while still taking steps to prevent the spread of Corona virus infection.
In addition, doctors can also provide several steps to relieve symptoms and prevent the spread of the corona virus, namely:
Referring people with severe COVID-19 to undergo treatment and caratina at a referral hospital
Provide fever and pain relievers that are safe and in accordance with the patient's condition
Encourage sufferers of COVID-19 to carry out independent isolation and get adequate rest
Encourage sufferers of COVID-19 to drink lots of water to maintain body fluid levels
Complications of Corona Virus (COVID-19)
In severe cases, Corona virus infection can cause the following complications:
Pneumonia (lung infection)
Secondary infection in other organs
Kidney failure
Acute cardiac injury
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Dead
In addition, currently the term long haul COVID-19 appears. This term refers to someone who has been declared cured through a negative PCR examination, but still feels complaints such as weakness, coughing, joint pain, chest pain, difficulty concentrating, palpitations, or fever that comes and goes.
Corona Virus Prevention (COVID-19)
Currently, Indonesia is regularly vaccinating the people of Indonesia for COVID-19. Even though vaccinations have started to be carried out, the best preventive way is to avoid the factors that can cause you to be infected with this virus, namely:
Apply physical distancing, which is to maintain a minimum distance of 1 meter from other people, and don't go outside the house first unless there is an urgent need.
Use a mask when doing activities in public places or crowds, including when you go shopping for groceries and attend worship on holidays, for example Eid al-Adha.
Routinely wash your hands with soap and water or hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol, especially after doing activities outside the home or in public places.
Do not touch your eyes, mouth and nose before washing your hands.
Increase endurance with a healthy lifestyle, such as eating nutritious foods, exercising regularly
source: aladokter.com
Comments
Post a Comment